An international human rights group said on Tuesday that there is credible evidence that US military airstrikes in Somalia have killed or wounded nearly two dozen civilians in the past two years, accusing the Pentagon of not adequately investigating potential casualties.
US Africa Command officials immediately disputed the allegations laid out in a report by Amnesty International, and insisted that the military has investigated 18 cases of possible civilian casualties since 2017 and found that none were credible.
The report came the same day that a Somali intelligence official and two local residents said a US drone strike on Monday killed civilians.
Amnesty International said it analysed satellite imagery and other data, and interviewed 65 witnesses and survivors of five specific airstrikes detailed in the report.
The report concludes that there is “credible evidence” that the US was responsible for four of the airstrikes, and that it’s plausible the US conducted the fifth strike. It said 14 civilians were killed and eight injured in the strikes.
“Amnesty International’s research points to a failure by the US and Somali governments to adequately investigate allegations of civilian casualties resulting from US operations in Somalia,” the report said, adding that the US doesn’t have a good process for survivors or victims’ families to self-report losses.
US Africa Command said it looked at the five strikes and concluded there were no civilian casualties. In the fifth case the command said there were no US strikes in that area on that day.
‘The shroud of secrecy’
The group’s report and Defense Department officials also agreed that the strikes usually take place in hostile areas controlled by al-Shabab.
And those conditions, the report said, “prevented Amnesty International organisation from conducting on-site investigations and severely limited the organisation’s ability to freely gather testimonial and physical evidence”.
US defence officials told reporters that American troops were on the ground at strike locations in a very limited number of cases. Even in those instances, they said, US troops ordered strikes to protect local Somali forces they were accompanying, and there was little opportunity to investigate possible civilian casualties at that moment.
Still, the rights group concluded that the US military’s insistence that there have been zero civilian deaths is wrong.
“The civilian death toll we’ve uncovered in just a handful of strikes suggests the shroud of secrecy surrounding the US role in Somalia’s war is actually a smoke screen for impunity,” said Brian Castner, a senior adviser at Amnesty International.
Unnamed US defence officials said that Kenya and Ethiopia also conduct airstrikes in the region, but provided no details. There are 500 to 600 US troops in Somalia at any time.
The pace of US airstrikes in Somalia has escalated during the Trump administration, from 47 in all of 2018 to 28 already this year.